{"id":3346,"date":"2023-01-08T14:18:43","date_gmt":"2023-01-08T11:18:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/umutagaci.com\/?p=3346"},"modified":"2023-01-08T14:18:43","modified_gmt":"2023-01-08T11:18:43","slug":"temiz-gida","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/umutagaci.com\/2023\/01\/08\/temiz-gida\/","title":{"rendered":"Mikroplastikler topraktan g\u0131dalara nas\u0131l s\u0131z\u0131yor?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Isabelle Gerretsen | BBC T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, okyanuslar\u0131n \u00fcst k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 24,4 trilyon mikroplastik oldu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n

Ancak mikroplastikler sadece suda de\u011fil toprakta da yayg\u0131n ve yedi\u011fimiz g\u0131dalara bile s\u0131zabiliyor. Fark\u0131nda olmadan, neredeyse ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z her lokmada k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck plastik par\u00e7alar\u0131 yutuyor olabiliriz.<\/p>\n

K\u00e2r amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeyen \u00e7evre kurulu\u015fu \u00c7evre \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Grubu’nun 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 analize g\u00f6re, ABD’de at\u0131k su \u00e7amuru, 80 milyon d\u00f6n\u00fcmden fazla ekili alan\u0131 “sonsuz kimyasallar” ad\u0131 verilen maddelerle kirletmi\u015f durumda. Bu kimyasallar k\u0131saca PFAS olarak bilinen perloralkil ve polifloralkil maddelerden olu\u015fuyor ve normal \u00e7evre ko\u015fullar\u0131 bu maddeleri par\u00e7alayam\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

At\u0131k su \u00e7amuruyla yay\u0131lan mikroplastikler<\/strong><\/p>\n

At\u0131k su \u00e7amuru, at\u0131k sular temizlendikten sonra geride kalan yan \u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bertaraf edilmesi pahal\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve zengin besin i\u00e7erdi\u011fi i\u00e7in bu \u00e7amur ABD ve Avrupa’da organik g\u00fcbre olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Avrupa’da her y\u0131l tahminen 8-10 milyon ton ar\u0131tma \u00e7amuru elde ediliyor ve bunun yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 40’\u0131 tar\u0131m arazilerine seriliyor.<\/p>\n

Cardiff \u00dcniversitesi’ndeki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re, bu uygulama nedeniyle Avrupa tar\u0131m arazileri mikroplastiklerin en b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fcresel rezervuar\u0131 konumunda olabilir. Bu da her y\u0131l 31.000 ila 42.000 ton mikroplastik ya da 86 trilyon ila 710 trilyon mikroplastik par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131n Avrupa tar\u0131m arazilerini kirletti\u011fi anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, g\u00fcney Galler’deki bir at\u0131k su ar\u0131tma tesisine her g\u00fcn 1 mm ile 5 mm aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen 650 milyon mikroplastik par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131n girdi\u011fini, ar\u0131tma sonucunda bunlar\u0131n at\u0131k su \u00e7amurunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu \u00e7amurun toplam a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 1’ini olu\u015fturdu\u011funu tespit etti.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n yazarlar\u0131ndan ve Cardiff \u00dcniversitesi Hidro-\u00c7evre Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi m\u00fcd\u00fcr yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Catherine Wilson, tar\u0131m arazilerine ula\u015fan mikroplastiklerin “muhtemelen bilinenden \u00e7ok daha fazla oldu\u011funu” s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. “Mikroplastikler her yerdeler ve \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in (genellikle) onlar\u0131 g\u00f6remiyoruz.”<\/p>\n

Mikroplastikler uzun s\u00fcre ortamda kal\u0131yor. Almanya Marburg’daki Philipps \u00dcniversitesi toprak bilimcileri taraf\u0131ndan yak\u0131n zamanda yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, en son 34 y\u0131l \u00f6nce at\u0131k su \u00e7amuru d\u00f6k\u00fclen iki tar\u0131m arazisinde y\u00fczeyin 90 cm alt\u0131na kadar mikroplastikler bulundu. Topra\u011f\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi mikroplastiklerin \u00e7amur d\u00f6k\u00fclmeyen alanlara da yay\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Cardiff’teki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ba\u015fyazar\u0131 ve Hidro-\u00c7evre Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi’nde doktora \u00f6\u011frencisi olan James Lofty, Avrupa’daki tar\u0131m arazisi topraklar\u0131ndaki mikroplastik konsantrasyonunun okyanus y\u00fczey sular\u0131nda bulunan miktara yak\u0131n oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Wilson ve Lofty’nin ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u0130ngiltere Avrupa’daki en y\u00fcksek mikroplastik konsantrasyonlar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131na sahip ve her y\u0131l 500 ila 1000 mikroplastik par\u00e7ac\u0131k tar\u0131m arazilerine yay\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Lofty, at\u0131k su \u00e7amurunun karada b\u00fcy\u00fck bir mikroplastik rezervuar\u0131 olu\u015fturman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, g\u00fcbre olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n da okyanuslardaki plastik krizini daha da a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ekliyor. Topraktaki mikroplastikler, ya\u011fmurun topra\u011f\u0131n \u00fcst tabakas\u0131n\u0131 nehirlere s\u00fcr\u00fcklemesi ya da yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131na kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131yla sonunda su yollar\u0131na girmi\u015f oluyor. Lofty, “Nehirlerimizdeki ve okyanuslar\u0131m\u0131zdaki [plastik] kirlili\u011fin ana kayna\u011f\u0131 y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131yor” diyor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7evresel kirlenme<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ancak mikroplastikler suya kar\u0131\u015fmadan \u00f6nce zehirli kimyasallar\u0131 topra\u011fa s\u0131zd\u0131rabilir. Lofty’ye g\u00f6re, mikroplastikler yaln\u0131zca par\u00e7aland\u0131klar\u0131nda \u00e7evreye sal\u0131nabilecek potansiyel olarak zararl\u0131 kimyasallardan i\u00e7ermekle kalm\u0131yor, ayn\u0131 zamanda di\u011fer toksik maddeleri de emebiliyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere \u00c7evre Ajans\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan ve daha sonra \u00e7evreci kampanya grubu Greenpeace taraf\u0131ndan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan bir rapor, \u0130ngiliz tar\u0131m arazilerine g\u00f6nderilen kanalizasyon at\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n dioksinler ve polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbonlar gibi kirleticilerle “insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in risk olu\u015fturabilecek seviyelerde” kirlendi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyordu.<\/p>\n

Kansas \u00dcniversitesi tar\u0131m uzman\u0131 Mary Beth Kirkham taraf\u0131ndan 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir deney, kadmiyum gibi zehirli kimyasallar\u0131n bitkiler taraf\u0131ndan emilmesinde plasti\u011fin ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ortaya koydu. Kirkham, “Plastikle birlikte kadmiyum olan toprakta yeti\u015fen bu\u011fday yapraklar\u0131nda, toprakta plastik olmadan yeti\u015fen bitkilere g\u00f6re \u00e7ok \u00e7ok daha fazla kadmiyum bulundu\u011funa” dikkat \u00e7ekmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ayr\u0131ca mikroplastiklerin toprak solucanlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini engelleyebildi\u011fini ve zay\u0131flamalar\u0131na neden oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Bunun nedenleri tam olarak anla\u015f\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, ancak bir teoriye g\u00f6re, mikroplastikler toprak solucanlar\u0131n\u0131n sindirim yollar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0131kayarak besinleri emme yeteneklerini ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla b\u00fcy\u00fcmelerini s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131yor olabilir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, solucanlar\u0131n toprak sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumada hayati bir rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve zarar g\u00f6rmelerinin daha geni\u015f bir \u00e7evre \u00fczerinde de olumsuz bir etkisi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

G\u0131da maddelerini do\u011frudan kirletebilir<\/strong><\/p>\n

Plastik par\u00e7ac\u0131klar g\u0131da maddelerini de do\u011frudan kirletebilir. 2020’de yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, s\u00fcpermarketlerde sat\u0131lan meyve ve sebzelerde ve \u0130talya’n\u0131n Sicilya b\u00f6lgesindeki Katanya’da yerel sat\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde mikroplastikler ve nanoplastikler bulundu. Elmalar en kirli meyvelerdi ve havu\u00e7lar \u00f6rneklenen sebzeler aras\u0131nda en y\u00fcksek mikroplastik seviyelerine sahipti.<\/p>\n

Hollanda’daki Leiden \u00dcniversitesi’nde \u00e7evresel toksikoloji ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik profes\u00f6r\u00fc Willie Peijnenburg taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re, bitkiler k\u00f6klerindeki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7atlaklar yoluyla \u00e7evrelerindeki su ve topraktan nanoplastik par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 (boyutlar\u0131 1-100 nanometre -metrenin milyarda biri- aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen ya da bir insan kan h\u00fccresinden 1000 ila 100 kat daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olan minik par\u00e7ac\u0131klar) emiyor.<\/p>\n

Analizler, plastiklerin \u00e7o\u011funun bitki k\u00f6klerinde birikti\u011fini ve sadece \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir miktar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlere do\u011fru ilerledi\u011fini ortaya koydu. Peijnenburg, yapraklardaki yo\u011funlu\u011fun “y\u00fczde 1’in \u00e7ok alt\u0131nda” oldu\u011funu belirtiyor. Marul ve lahana gibi yaprakl\u0131 sebzeler i\u00e7in plastik konsantrasyonlar\u0131 muhtemelen nispeten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, ama havu\u00e7, turp ve \u015falgam gibi k\u00f6k sebzeler i\u00e7in mikroplastik t\u00fcketme riski daha y\u00fcksek olabilir diye uyar\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Peijnenburg ve meslekta\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan bir ba\u015fka \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, hem marul hem de bu\u011fdayda mikroplastik konsantrasyonunun \u00e7evredeki topraktan 10 kat daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zlendi. Peijnenburg, “Sadece en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n bitkiler taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit ettik” diyor.<\/p>\n

Peijnenburg bunun g\u00fcven verici oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Bununla birlikte, bir\u00e7ok mikroplastik yava\u015f\u00e7a bozunarak nanopartik\u00fcllere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fecek ve “bitki emilimi i\u00e7in iyi bir kaynak” sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r diye ekliyor.<\/p>\n

G\u0131dalardaki bu plastik birikiminin insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde nas\u0131l bir etkisi oldu\u011fu hen\u00fcz a\u00e7\u0131k de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Peijnenburg bunu anlamak i\u00e7in daha fazla ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya ihtiya\u00e7 oldu\u011funu, ama sorunun daha da b\u00fcy\u00fcyece\u011fini vurguluyor.<\/p>\n

“Plastiklerin \u00e7evreden tamamen uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 on y\u0131llar alacakt\u0131r. Risk \u015fu anda \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek olmasa bile, [tar\u0131m arazilerinde] kal\u0131c\u0131 kimyasallar bulundurmak iyi de\u011fil. Birikecekler ve sonra bir risk olu\u015fturabilecekler.”<\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa etkileri<\/strong><\/p>\n

Plastik yutman\u0131n insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisi hen\u00fcz tam olarak anla\u015f\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olsa da, zararl\u0131 olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6steren baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar var. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, plastik \u00fcretimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda eklenen kimyasallar\u0131n endokrin sistemi ve b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve geli\u015fmemizi d\u00fczenleyen hormonlar\u0131 bozabilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

Plastikte bulunan kimyasallar kanser, kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve zay\u0131f embriyo geli\u015fimi dahil olmak \u00fczere bir dizi ba\u015fka sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunuyla ili\u015fkilendiriliyor. \u0130ngiltere’deki Hull \u00dcniversitesi ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan analize g\u00f6re, y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde yutulan mikroplastikler, iltihaplanma ve alerjik reaksiyonlara yol a\u00e7abilecek h\u00fccre hasar\u0131na da neden olabilir.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, mikroplastiklerin insan h\u00fccreleri \u00fczerindeki toksikolojik etkisini inceleyen \u00f6nceki 17 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 de\u011ferlendirdi. Analiz, laboratuvar testlerinde h\u00fccrelere zarar veren mikroplastik miktar\u0131n\u0131, insanlar\u0131n i\u00e7me suyu, deniz \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ve tuz yoluyla ald\u0131klar\u0131 seviyelerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Yutulan miktarlar\u0131n h\u00fccre \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc tetikleyebilecek oranlara yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda alerjik reaksiyonlar, h\u00fccre duvarlar\u0131nda hasar ve oksidatif stres dahil olmak \u00fczere ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkilerine de neden olabilece\u011fi bulundu.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ba\u015fyazar\u0131 ve Hull York T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi’nde ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 Evangelos Danopoulos, “Ara\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131z, h\u00fccreler \u00fczerindeki zararl\u0131 etkilerle tutarl\u0131 seviyelerde mikroplastik ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor ki bu da \u00e7o\u011fu durumda sa\u011fl\u0131k etkileri i\u00e7in ba\u015flat\u0131c\u0131 olayd\u0131r” diyor. “Mikroplastiklerin h\u00fccrelerin bariyerlerini a\u015fabildi\u011fini ve onlar\u0131 par\u00e7alayabildi\u011fini biliyoruz, ayr\u0131ca h\u00fccreler \u00fczerinde oksidatif strese neden olabileceklerini biliyoruz, bu da doku hasar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.”<\/p>\n

Danopoulos, mikroplastiklerin h\u00fccrelerin par\u00e7alanmas\u0131na nas\u0131l yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair iki teori oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Keskin kenarlar\u0131 h\u00fccre duvar\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131rtabilir ya da mikroplastiklerin i\u00e7indeki kimyasallar h\u00fccreye zarar verebilir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma, d\u00fczensiz \u015fekilli mikroplastiklerin h\u00fccre \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne neden olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n

Danopoulos, “\u015eimdi anlamam\u0131z gereken \u015fey, v\u00fccudumuzda ne kadar mikroplastik kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ne t\u00fcr bir boyut ve \u015feklin h\u00fccre bariyerini ge\u00e7ebildi\u011fidir” diyor. E\u011fer plastikler belirli bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde zararl\u0131 olabilecekleri seviyelere kadar birikirlerse, bu insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in daha da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir risk olu\u015fturabilir.<\/p>\n

Danopoulos, bu sorulara hen\u00fcz cevap bulunamasa bile, mikroplastiklerin besin zincirine girmemesi i\u00e7in daha fazla \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilmesi gerekip gerekmedi\u011fini sorguluyor. “At\u0131k su \u00e7amurunun mikroplastiklerle kirlendi\u011fini ve bitkilerin bunlar\u0131 topraktan emme kabiliyetine sahip oldu\u011funu biliyorsak, bunu g\u00fcbre olarak kullanmal\u0131 m\u0131y\u0131z?” diye soruyor.<\/p>\n

At\u0131k su \u00e7amuru yasaklanmal\u0131 m\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7amurun tar\u0131m arazilerinde g\u00fcbre olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 Hollanda’da 1995’te yasakland\u0131. Bunun \u00fczerine \u00f6nce \u00e7amuru yakan \u00fclke, daha sonra bunu tar\u0131m arazilerinde g\u00fcbre olarak kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere \u0130ngiltere’ye ihra\u00e7 etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130svi\u00e7re 2003’te, ABD’nin Maine eyaleti de 2022’de tar\u0131m arazisinde, mahsullerde ve suda y\u00fcksek seviyelerde PFAS bulunmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin kan\u0131nda da y\u00fcksek PFAS seviyeleri tespit edilince \u00e7amurun g\u00fcbre olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 yasaklad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ancak Cardiff \u00dcniversitesi’nden Wilson, ar\u0131tma \u00e7amurunun g\u00fcbre olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n tamamen yasaklanmas\u0131n\u0131 en iyi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak g\u00f6rm\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Wilson, “[Ar\u0131tma \u00e7amuru ile] sonsuz fosil yak\u0131t g\u00fcbresi \u00fcretmek yerine at\u0131k bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc verimli bir \u015fekilde kullan\u0131yoruz” diyor. \u00c7amurdaki organik at\u0131k ayn\u0131 zamanda karbonun topra\u011fa geri d\u00f6nmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 oluyor ve topra\u011f\u0131 fosfor ve azot gibi besinlerle zenginle\u015ftirerek topra\u011f\u0131n bozulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Wilson, ar\u0131tma \u00e7amurundaki mikroplastikleri \u00f6l\u00e7mek gerekti\u011fini, mikroplastik seviyesinin y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu yerlerde, bunu g\u00fcbre olarak kullanmak yerine enerji \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in yak\u0131labilece\u011fini \u00f6neriyor.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, \u0130talya ve Yunanistan gibi baz\u0131 Avrupa \u00fclkelerinin at\u0131k su \u00e7amurunu d\u00fczenli depolama sahalar\u0131nda bertaraf etti\u011fini, ancak mikroplastiklerin bu sahalardan \u00e7evreye s\u0131zarak toprak ve suyu kirletme riski konusunda uyar\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Wilson ve Danopoulos, tar\u0131m arazilerindeki mikroplastik miktar\u0131n\u0131 ve olas\u0131 \u00e7evresel ve sa\u011fl\u0131k etkilerini \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok daha fazla ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya ihtiya\u00e7 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

“Mikroplastikler suyumuzda ve topra\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda olmamal\u0131. Olumsuz etkilerini kan\u0131tlarsak, bu onlar\u0131 kirletici konumuna sokacak ve ona kar\u015f\u0131 yasa ve y\u00f6netmelikler getirilmesi gerekecek.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Isabelle Gerretsen | BBC T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, okyanuslar\u0131n \u00fcst k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 24,4 trilyon mikroplastik oldu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor. Ancak mikroplastikler sadece suda de\u011fil toprakta da yayg\u0131n ve yedi\u011fimiz g\u0131dalara bile s\u0131zabiliyor. Fark\u0131nda olmadan, neredeyse ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z her lokmada k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck plastik par\u00e7alar\u0131 yutuyor olabiliriz. K\u00e2r amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeyen \u00e7evre kurulu\u015fu \u00c7evre \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Grubu’nun 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 analize g\u00f6re, ABD’de …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3347,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[1,80],"tags":[293],"yoast_head":"\nMikroplastikler topraktan g\u0131dalara nas\u0131l s\u0131z\u0131yor? - UMUT AGAC\u0130<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/umutagaci.com\/2023\/01\/08\/temiz-gida\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mikroplastikler topraktan g\u0131dalara nas\u0131l s\u0131z\u0131yor? - UMUT AGAC\u0130\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Isabelle Gerretsen | BBC T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, okyanuslar\u0131n \u00fcst k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 24,4 trilyon mikroplastik oldu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor. 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